Particle swarm optimization — (PSO) is a swarm intelligence based algorithm to find a solution to an optimization problem in a search space, or model and predict social behavior in the presence of objectives.OverviewParticle swarm optimization is a stochastic, population… … Wikipedia
Particle velocity — is the velocity v of a particle (real or imagined) in a medium as it transmits a wave. In many cases this is a longitudinal wave of pressure as with sound, but it can also be a transverse wave as with the vibration of a taut string. When applied… … Wikipedia
Particle image velocimetry — (PIV) is an optical method used to measure velocities and related properties in fluids. The fluid is seeded with particles which, for the purposes of PIV, are generally assumed to faithfully follow the flow dynamics. It is the motion of these… … Wikipedia
Particle identification — is the process of using information left by a particle passing through a particle detector to identify the type of particle. Particle identification reduces backgrounds and improves measurement resolutions, and is essential to many analyses at… … Wikipedia
Particle-induced X-ray emission — or proton induced X ray emission (PIXE) is a technique used in the determining of the elemental make up of a material or sample. When a material is exposed to an ion beam, atomic interactions occur that give off EM radiation of wavelengths in the … Wikipedia
Particle decay — is the spontaneous process of one elementary particle transforming into other elementary particles. During this process, an elementary particle becomes a different particle with less mass and an intermediate particle such as W boson in muon decay … Wikipedia
Particle-Induced X-ray Emission — or Proton Induced X ray Emission (PIXE) is a technique used in the determining of the elemental make up of a material or sample. When a material is exposed to an ion beam, atomic interactions occur that give off EM radiation of wavelengths in the … Wikipedia
particle — 1 Particle, bit, mite, smidgen, whit, atom, iota, jot, tittle all mean a very small or insignificant piece or part. Particle is used in reference not only to substances which are actually divisible but to such things as a quality, a state, or a… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Particle tracking velocimetry — (PTV) is one of velocimetry methods, i.e a technique to measure velocity of particles. The name suggests that the particles are tracked, and not only recorded as an image as it is suggested in another form, particle image velocimetry. There are… … Wikipedia
Particle displacement — or particle amplitude (represented in mathematics by the lower case Greek letter xi;) is a measurement of distance (in metres) of the movement of a particle in a medium as it transmits a wave. In most cases this is a longitudinal wave of pressure … Wikipedia
particle accelerator — accelerator (def. 7). [1945 50] * * * Device that accelerates a beam of fast moving, electrically charged atoms (ions) or subatomic particles. Accelerators are used to study the structure of atomic nuclei (see atom) and the nature of subatomic… … Universalium
